SIOT Scrubbers
SIOT-class scrubbers are straight-through wet dust collectors designed for the medium cleaning of dusty air in exhaust ventilation complexes from various types of dust, excluding contaminants of cementing nature and fibrous structure.
This is a SIOT-type gas washing module for wet cleaning of air and gases in exhaust ventilation units from various types of dust. The scrubber is a straight-through wet unit in which dust capture occurs through inertia and water irrigation. SIOT is recommended for use with dusty air in exhaust ventilation units, particularly where there are impurities of fibrous origin and traces of condensation aerosols. If a "turnkey" solution is required from an industrial equipment plant, it is advisable to install it in a cascade with SIOT cyclones and a dry filtration unit; a "SIOT scrubber" can be purchased in Kyiv or bought in Ukraine with efficient logistics.
The SIOT scrubber works effectively in aspiration systems for gas cleaning with wet irrigation, combined with a fan and air ducts made of corrosion-resistant metal for stable operation with various types of dust.
SIOT Class Scrubber Marking
An example designation is "SIOT - 5", where:
- "SIOT" - developer - Sverdlovsk Institute of Occupational Safety;
- "5" - scrubber number.
The configuration and operating modes are calculated separately: a basic or high-speed format is selected for a specific process, and the ranges for which SIOT is recommended for medium load are specified.
For reference: the typical operating capacity range of SIOT-class devices varies from 12500 m³/h for minimum diameters, with the choice of nozzles and water pressure set according to the process passport.
Design Advantages
The SIOT-class scrubber differs from TsVP-class cyclones with a wet film in that the dust capture process includes not only the settling of dust on the wet walls of the scrubber due to centrifugal forces, but also the cleaning of polluted air by irrigating it with atomized water.
Structural Features of the SIOT Scrubber:
- increasing the angle of inclination of the bottom section for more efficient slurry removal;
- improving the distribution of the supplied water on the walls;
- simplifying the design of the swirl vane (de-swirler).
[Image of SIOT scrubber internal diagram showing air flow, water spray and dust/slurry collection in the conical bottom]
In SIOT, water is atomized from the upper section and sprayed by the air flow through nozzles into the swirling zone, after which dust settling occurs on the wetted walls. The suspension then goes to the lowest point of the bottom, and the housing walls, under the action of centrifugal flows, stably retain particles until wash-off; this enhances the effect of the housing under the action of centrifugal forces. Thanks to this scheme, the cyclone scrubber works effectively with aerosols of various dispersity, including condensation aerosols in low concentrations.
The difference of the high-speed SIOT-class scrubber lies in the increased intensity of mass transfer: part of the water is supplied by nozzles into the vortex zone, where the centrifugal action is sufficient for effective interception of fine dust fractions and stabilization of the cleaning mode.
SIOT Class Scrubbers come in three types:
- Type I - presence of a swirl vane (de-swirler) to give the outgoing flow a certain direction: vertically downwards;
- Type II - presence of a "scroll" type swirl vane;
- Type III - absence of a swirl vane - air exhaust vertically upwards.
The high-speed scrubber is advisable to install in exhaust ventilation units for various types of dust when a compact apparatus with increased mass transfer is required; in a typical line, SIOT is recommended for medium cleaning before fine filtration. The high-speed SIOT scrubber is recommended where limited dimensions and high dustiness require a high-speed mode; the high-speed SIOT scrubber is appropriate in renovations without changing air duct routes.
Technical Specifications
The SIOT-class scrubber consists of a housing with an inlet pipe and a swirl vane (except for Type III construction). The inlet pipe is equipped with an inspection hatch for maintenance and inspection. There are also two openings here. The first is for monitoring water movement when regulating the unit's operating mode, and the second is for illumination.
For a correct hydraulic regime, it is important to observe the geometry of the inlet tract: water is supplied through the inlet unit pipe into the nozzle zone, and drainage is organized towards the bottom with an appropriate slope. Additionally, proper connection of the inlet pipe and protection of the fan casing from splashes must be provided so that the cleaned air is evenly discharged through the diffuser without additional losses.
| Parameter |
Range |
| Capacity (Air Flow) |
2100 to 210000 m³/h |
| Cylindrical Part Diameter |
750 ÷ 5722 millimeters |
| Height |
1441 ÷ 8985 millimeters |
| Mass |
100 ÷ 8700 kilograms |
| Optimum Inlet Velocity |
15-21 m/s |
At these speeds, the cleaning level is approximately the same. The efficiency of separating mineral wettable dust, where the content of particles up to ten microns is 55%-60%, reaches 95%. If the speed drops below 14 m/s, water atomization by the air flow does not occur, which leads to a decrease in cleaning efficiency.
For typical SIOT-class conditions, the air cleaning efficiency is 95% provided stable water pressure and correct interaction with the cleaned air at the diffuser outlet. SIOT is recommended for a medium range of flow rates, and its application for medium cleaning of the dusty flow is appropriate in lines where stability and predictable pressure drop are important. For atypical conditions, the selection of modes and nozzles is calculated separately.
In practice, it is noticeable that air movement in the Type I scrubber promotes a better process of separating fine dust fractions in the lower part of the cone with subsequent slurry removal.
Operating Principle
The operating principle is water atomization inside the dust collector. In the SIOT-class scrubber, dust from the air flow settles on the inner wet surface of the unit's walls under the action of inertial forces, and is also captured by water atomized by the air flow, directed downwards. Water is supplied to the unit through the inlet pipe and into the bottom of the water distributor located at the top of the unit. To stabilize the pressure of the water performing the air scrubbing, the scrubber is equipped with a water tank with a ball valve.
In this format, dust capture occurs in two stages: first, inertial separation, then settling on the wetted walls in the vortex zone; the high-speed mode is appropriate for increased loads. Such a SIOT scrubber is a straight-through wet tool that works effectively in cleaning dusty air in exhaust ducts with correct piping.
During operation, the SIOT-class scrubber is installed taking into account the direction of flow, water drainage, and floor level to avoid overflows; the cleaned air is then transported by the fan, and contacting elements are made of corrosion-resistant metal.
Advantages:
- water economy;
- high level of cleaning;
- simplified swirl vane design.
The advantage of high-speed SIOT-class scrubbers is that they provide high efficiency with compact dimensions, and high-speed SIOT-class scrubbers are in demand in renovations with strict height restrictions. Furthermore, SIOT class scrubbers are required for cleaning the dusty flow at the first stage before bag filters.
Field of Application
The SIOT-class scrubber is widely demanded where it is necessary to effectively clean air from dust that is easily wettable by water without further physical changes.
Such systems are advisable to install in exhaust ventilation units from various types of production: SIOT is recommended for use in areas with mineral dust, where air cleaning is combined with a dry stage; the solution can be purchased as a "cyclone scrubber" or as separate modules – bought in Kyiv or bought in Ukraine.
In the industrial segment, prices for cyclones and complete solutions vary depending on the diameter and configuration; the price for the minimum standard size and the "price in Kharkiv" benchmark are provided upon supplier request.
Operational Features
Since the main working element of SIOT-class scrubbers is water, these units effectively capture hydrophilic dust contaminants. It should be remembered that the presence of foreign impurities (e.g., fiber, cement) in the cleaned air, capable of forming solid conglomerates with water, drastically reduces the efficiency of such an unit, so its use in such conditions is not recommended. With the presence of such contaminants and a significant initial dust content, there is a risk of malfunctioning of the scrubber because the rather thick slurry will clog either the unit itself or the drain pipes. Also, this equipment should not be used for cleaning from dust capable of dissolving in water with the formation of hard-to-retain particles. Additional dilution of the slurry with water deprives the SIOT-class scrubber of its main advantage - water economy. Installation of SIOT-class scrubbers should be done on the suction side.
To maximize the service life, the unit should be installed observing the direction of the inlet flow, drainage slopes, and access to the bottom; connection of the pipe and water balancing are performed according to the passport. For commercial procurement, the "buy SIOT" solution is available from the industrial equipment plant; configuration, service, and logistics are agreed upon individually.
During installation, it is important to observe the gaps between the industrial floor and the lower flange, ensure water drainage into the trap, and avoid splash suction into the fan casing so that the SIOT cyclone-scrubber operates stably and without loss of efficiency.
